- Genesis 41:53
וַתִּכְלֶינָה שֶׁבַע שְׁנֵי הַשָּׂבָע אֲשֶׁר הָיָה בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם׃
The seven years of abundance that the land of Egypt enjoyed came to an end,
Targum Onkelos
וּשְׁלִימָא שְׁבַע שְׁנֵי סִבְעָא דַּהֲוַאָה בְּאַרְעָא דְּמִצְרָיִם׃
The seven years of abundance came to an end [were completed], [the good years] that were in the land of Egypt.
- Genesis 41:54
וַתְּחִלֶּינָה שֶׁבַע שְׁנֵי הָרָעָב לָבוֹא כַּאֲשֶׁר אָמַר יוֹסֵף וַיְהִי רָעָב בְּכׇל־הָאֲרָצוֹת וּבְכׇל־אֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם הָיָה לָחֶם׃
and the seven years of famine set in, just as Joseph had foretold. There was famine in all lands, but throughout the land of Egypt there was bread.
Targum Onkelos
וְשָׁרִיאָה שְׁבַע שְׁנֵי כַפְנָא לְמֵיתֵי כְּמָא דַּאֲמַר יוֹסֵף וַהֲוָה כַפְנָא בְּכָל אַרְעָתָא וּבְכָל אַרְעָא דְּמִצְרַיִם הֲוָה לַחְמָא׃
The seven years of famine started to come, just as Yoseif had said. There was famine in all the lands, but in all the land of Egypt there was bread.
- Genesis 41:55
וַתִּרְעַב כׇּל־אֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם וַיִּצְעַק הָעָם אֶל־פַּרְעֹה לַלָּחֶם וַיֹּאמֶר פַּרְעֹה לְכׇל־מִצְרַיִם לְכוּ אֶל־יוֹסֵף אֲשֶׁר־יֹאמַר לָכֶם תַּעֲשׂוּ׃
And when all the land of Egypt felt the hunger, the people cried out to Pharaoh for bread; and Pharaoh said to all the Egyptians, “Go to Joseph; whatever he tells you, you shall do.”—
Targum Onkelos
וּכְפֵינַת כָּל אַרְעָא דְּמִצְרַיִם וּצְוַח עַמָּא קֳדָם פַּרְעֹה עַל לַחְמָא וַאֲמַר פַּרְעֹה לְכָל מִצְרָאֵי אִיזִילוּ לְוָת יוֹסֵף דְּיֵימַר לְכוֹן תַּעְבְּדוּן׃
When all the land of Egypt was famished, the people cried out to Pharaoh for bread. Pharaoh said to all of Egypt [the Egyptians], Go to Yoseif. Whatever he says to you, do.
- Genesis 41:56
וְהָרָעָב הָיָה עַל כׇּל־פְּנֵי הָאָרֶץ וַיִּפְתַּח יוֹסֵף אֶת־כׇּל־אֲשֶׁר בָּהֶם וַיִּשְׁבֹּר לְמִצְרַיִם וַיֶּחֱזַק הָרָעָב בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם׃
Accordingly, when the famine became severe in the land of Egypt, Joseph laid open all that was within, and rationed out grain to the Egyptians. The famine, however, spread over the whole world.
Targum Onkelos
וְכַפְנָא הֲוָה עַל כָּל אַפֵּי אַרְעָא וּפְתַח יוֹסֵף יָת כָּל אוֹצְרַיָּא דִּבְהוֹן עֲבוּרָא וְזַבֵּין לְמִצְרָאֵי וּתְקֵיף כַּפְנָא בְּאַרְעָא דְּמִצְרָיִם׃
The famine spread over the entire face of the land. Yoseif opened everything that held grain, and sold [grain] to the Egyptians [Egypt]. The famine became severe in the land of Egypt.
- Genesis 41:57
וְכׇל־הָאָרֶץ בָּאוּ מִצְרַיְמָה לִשְׁבֹּר אֶל־יוֹסֵף כִּי־חָזַק הָרָעָב בְּכׇל־הָאָרֶץ׃
So all the world came to Joseph in Egypt to procure rations, for the famine had become severe throughout the world.
Targum Onkelos
וְכָל דָּיְרֵי אַרְעָא אֲתוֹ לְמִצְרַיִם לְמִזְבַּן עֲבוּרָא מִן יוֹסֵף אֲרֵי תְּקֵיף כַּפְנָא בְּכָל אַרְעָא׃
All [countries] [inhabitants] of the land came to Egypt to buy [grain] from Yoseif, for the famine was severe in all the land.
- Genesis 42:1
וַיַּרְא יַעֲקֹב כִּי יֶשׁ־שֶׁבֶר בְּמִצְרָיִם וַיֹּאמֶר יַעֲקֹב לְבָנָיו לָמָּה תִּתְרָאוּ׃
When Jacob saw that there were food rations to be had in Egypt, he said to his sons, “Why do you keep looking at one another?
Targum Onkelos
וַחֲזָא יַעֲקֹב אֲרֵי אִית עֲבוּר מִזְדַּבַּן בְּמִצְרָיִם וַאֲמַר יַעֲקֹב לִבְנוֹהִי לְמָא תִּתַּחְזוֹן׃
Yaakov saw that food [grain] was being sold in Egypt. Yaakov said to his sons, Why would you have everyone gazing at you?
- Genesis 42:2
וַיֹּאמֶר הִנֵּה שָׁמַעְתִּי כִּי יֶשׁ־שֶׁבֶר בְּמִצְרָיִם רְדוּ־שָׁמָּה וְשִׁבְרוּ־לָנוּ מִשָּׁם וְנִחְיֶה וְלֹא נָמוּת׃
Now I hear,” he went on, “that there are rations to be had in Egypt. Go down and procure rations for us there, that we may live and not die.”
Targum Onkelos
וַאֲמַר הָא שְׁמַעִית אֲרֵי אִית עֲבוּר מִזְדַּבַּן בְּמִצְרָיִם חוּתוּ לְתַמָּן וּזְבוּנוּ לַנָא מִתַּמָּן וְנֵיחֵי וְלָא נְמוּת׃
He said, Behold, I have heard that there is food [grain] for sale in Egypt. Go down there and buy for us from there, so that we will live and not die.
- Genesis 42:3
וַיֵּרְדוּ אֲחֵי־יוֹסֵף עֲשָׂרָה לִשְׁבֹּר בָּר מִמִּצְרָיִם׃
So ten of Joseph’s brothers went down to get grain rations in Egypt;
Targum Onkelos
וּנְחַתוּ אֲחֵי יוֹסֵף עַסְרָא לְמִזְבַּן עֲבוּרָא מִמִּצְרָיִם׃
Yoseif’s ten brothers went down to buy grain from Egypt.
- Genesis 42:4
וְאֶת־בִּנְיָמִין אֲחִי יוֹסֵף לֹא־שָׁלַח יַעֲקֹב אֶת־אֶחָיו כִּי אָמַר פֶּן־יִקְרָאֶנּוּ אָסוֹן׃
for Jacob did not send Joseph’s brother Benjamin with his brothers, since he feared that he might meet with disaster.
Targum Onkelos
וְיָת בִּנְיָמִין אֲחוּהִי דְּיוֹסֵף לָא שְׁלַח יַעֲקֹב עִם אֲחוֹהִי אֲרֵי אֲמַר דִּלְמָא יְעָרְעִנֵּיהּ מוֹתָא׃
But Binyamin, Yoseif’s brother, Yaakov did not send along with his brothers, for he [Yaakov] said, Misfortune [Death] might befall him.
- Genesis 42:5
וַיָּבֹאוּ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לִשְׁבֹּר בְּתוֹךְ הַבָּאִים כִּי־הָיָה הָרָעָב בְּאֶרֶץ כְּנָעַן׃
Thus the sons of Israel were among those who came to procure rations, for the famine extended to the land of Canaan.
Targum Onkelos
וַאֲתוֹ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לְמִזְבַּן עֲבוּרָא בְּגוֹ עָלַיָּא אֲרֵי הֲוָה כַפְנָא בְּאַרְעָא דִּכְנָעַן׃
The sons of Yisrael came to buy [grain] among the others who came, for there was famine in the land of Canaan.
- Genesis 42:6
וְיוֹסֵף הוּא הַשַּׁלִּיט עַל־הָאָרֶץ הוּא הַמַּשְׁבִּיר לְכׇל־עַם הָאָרֶץ וַיָּבֹאוּ אֲחֵי יוֹסֵף וַיִּשְׁתַּחֲווּ־לוֹ אַפַּיִם אָרְצָה׃
Now Joseph was the vizier of the land; it was he who dispensed rations to all the people of the land. And Joseph’s brothers came and bowed low to him, with their faces to the ground.
Targum Onkelos
וְיוֹסֵף הוּא שַׁלִּיט עַל אַרְעָא הוּא מְזַבֵּין עֲבוּרָא לְכָל עַמָּא דְּאַרְעָא וַאֲתוֹ אֲחֵי יוֹסֵף וּסְגִידוּ לֵיהּ עַל אַפֵּיהוֹן עַל אַרְעָא׃
Yoseif was the ruler over the land; he was the one who sold [grain] to all the people of the land. Yoseif’s brothers came and they prostrated themselves to him with their faces to the ground.
- Genesis 42:7
וַיַּרְא יוֹסֵף אֶת־אֶחָיו וַיַּכִּרֵם וַיִּתְנַכֵּר אֲלֵיהֶם וַיְדַבֵּר אִתָּם קָשׁוֹת וַיֹּאמֶר אֲלֵהֶם מֵאַיִן בָּאתֶם וַיֹּאמְרוּ מֵאֶרֶץ כְּנַעַן לִשְׁבׇּר־אֹכֶל׃
When Joseph saw his brothers, he recognized them; but he acted like a stranger toward them and spoke harshly to them. He asked them, “Where do you come from?” And they said, “From the land of Canaan, to procure food.”
Targum Onkelos
וַחֲזָא יוֹסֵף יָת אֲחוֹהִי וְאִשְׁתְּמוֹדְעִנּוּן וְחַשֵּׁיב מָא דִּימַלֵּיל עִמְּהוֹן וּמַלֵּיל עִמְּהוֹן קַשְׁיָין וַאֲמַר לְהוֹן מְנָן אֲתֵיתוֹן וַאֲמַרוּ מֵאַרְעָא דִּכְנַעַן לְמִזְבַּן עֲבוּרָא׃
Yoseif saw his brothers and he recognized them, but he acted like a stranger [considered what he should say] to them. He spoke harshly to them, and said to them, Where did you come from? They said, From the land of Canaan to buy food [grain].
- Genesis 42:8
וַיַּכֵּר יוֹסֵף אֶת־אֶחָיו וְהֵם לֹא הִכִּרֻהוּ׃
For though Joseph recognized his brothers, they did not recognize him.
Targum Onkelos
וְאִשְׁתְּמוֹדַע יוֹסֵף יָת אֲחוֹהִי וְאִנּוּן לָא אִשְׁתְּמוֹדְעוּהִי׃
Yoseif recognized his brothers, but they did not recognize him.
- Genesis 42:9
וַיִּזְכֹּר יוֹסֵף אֵת הַחֲלֹמוֹת אֲשֶׁר חָלַם לָהֶם וַיֹּאמֶר אֲלֵהֶם מְרַגְּלִים אַתֶּם לִרְאוֹת אֶת־עֶרְוַת הָאָרֶץ בָּאתֶם׃
Recalling the dreams that he had dreamed about them, Joseph said to them, “You are spies, you have come to see the land in its nakedness.”
Targum Onkelos
וְאִדְּכַר יוֹסֵף יָת חֶלְמַיָּא דַּהֲוָה חָלֵים לְהוֹן וַאֲמַר לְהוֹן אַלִּילֵי אַתּוּן לְמִחְזֵי יָת בִּדְקַהּ דְּאַרְעָא אֲתֵיתוֹן׃
Yoseif recalled the dreams that he had dreamt about them, and said to them, You are spies. You have come to see where the land is exposed [the defective part of the land].
- Genesis 42:10
וַיֹּאמְרוּ אֵלָיו לֹא אֲדֹנִי וַעֲבָדֶיךָ בָּאוּ לִשְׁבׇּר־אֹכֶל׃
But they said to him, “No, my lord! Truly, your servants have come to procure food.
Targum Onkelos
וַאֲמַרוּ לֵיהּ לָא רִבּוֹנִי וְעַבְדָּךְ אֲתוֹ לְמִזְבַּן עֲבוּרָא׃
They said to him, No my master. Your servants have come to buy food [grain].
- Genesis 42:11
כֻּלָּנוּ בְּנֵי אִישׁ־אֶחָד נָחְנוּ כֵּנִים אֲנַחְנוּ לֹא־הָיוּ עֲבָדֶיךָ מְרַגְּלִים׃
We are all of us sons of the same man; we are being honest; your servants have never been spies!”
Targum Onkelos
כּוּלַּנָא בְּנֵי גֻּבְרָא חַד נַחְנָא כֵּיוָנֵי אֲנַחְנָא לָא הֲווֹ עַבְדָּךְ אַלִּילֵי׃
We are all the sons of one man. We are honest [men]. Your servants have never been spies.
- Genesis 42:12
וַיֹּאמֶר אֲלֵהֶם לֹא כִּי־עֶרְוַת הָאָרֶץ בָּאתֶם לִרְאוֹת׃
And he said to them, “No, you have come to see the land in its nakedness!”
Targum Onkelos
וַאֲמַר לְהוֹן לָא אֱלָהֵין בִּדְקַהּ דְּאַרְעָא אֲתֵיתוֹן לְמִחְזֵי׃
He said to them, No, You have come to see where the land is exposed [the defective part of the land].
- Genesis 42:13
וַיֹּאמְרוּ שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר עֲבָדֶיךָ אַחִים ׀ אֲנַחְנוּ בְּנֵי אִישׁ־אֶחָד בְּאֶרֶץ כְּנָעַן וְהִנֵּה הַקָּטֹן אֶת־אָבִינוּ הַיּוֹם וְהָאֶחָד אֵינֶנּוּ׃
And they replied, “We your servants were twelve brothers, sons of a certain man in the land of Canaan; the youngest, however, is now with our father, and one is no more.”
Targum Onkelos
וַאֲמַרוּ תְּרֵי עֲסַר עַבְדָּךְ אַחִין אֲנַחְנָא בְּנֵי גֻּבְרָא חַד בְּאַרְעָא דִּכְנָעַן וְהָא זְעֵירָא עִם אֲבוּנָא יוֹמָא דֵין וְחַד לָיְתוֹהִי׃
They said, Your servants are twelve brothers, the sons of one man in the land of Canaan. Behold the youngest one is this day with our father, and one is no more.
- Genesis 42:14
וַיֹּאמֶר אֲלֵהֶם יוֹסֵף הוּא אֲשֶׁר דִּבַּרְתִּי אֲלֵכֶם לֵאמֹר מְרַגְּלִים אַתֶּם׃
But Joseph said to them, “It is just as I have told you: You are spies!
Targum Onkelos
וַאֲמַר לְהוֹן יוֹסֵף הוּא דְּמַלֵּילִית עִמְּכוֹן לְמֵימַר אַלִּילֵי אַתּוּן׃
Yoseif said to them, That is just what I said to you, saying: you are spies.
- Genesis 42:15
בְּזֹאת תִּבָּחֵנוּ חֵי פַרְעֹה אִם־תֵּצְאוּ מִזֶּה כִּי אִם־בְּבוֹא אֲחִיכֶם הַקָּטֹן הֵנָּה׃
By this you shall be put to the test: unless your youngest brother comes here, by Pharaoh, you shall not depart from this place!
Targum Onkelos
בְּדָא תִּתְבַּחְרוּן חַיֵּי פַרְעֹה אִם תִּפְּקוּן מִכָּא אֱלָהֵין בְּמֵיתֵי אֲחוּכוֹן זְעֵירָא הָכָא׃
You shall be tested in this manner. By Pharaoh’s life, you shall not leave from here unless your youngest brother comes here.
- Genesis 42:16
שִׁלְחוּ מִכֶּם אֶחָד וְיִקַּח אֶת־אֲחִיכֶם וְאַתֶּם הֵאָסְרוּ וְיִבָּחֲנוּ דִּבְרֵיכֶם הַאֱמֶת אִתְּכֶם וְאִם־לֹא חֵי פַרְעֹה כִּי מְרַגְּלִים אַתֶּם׃
Let one of you go and bring your brother, while the rest of you remain confined, that your words may be put to the test whether there is truth in you. Else, by Pharaoh, you are nothing but spies!”
Targum Onkelos
שְׁלַחוּ מִנְּכוֹן חַד וְיִדְבַּר יָת אֲחוּכוֹן וְאַתּוּן תִּתְאַסְרוּן וְיִתְבַּחְרוּן פִּתְגָמֵיכוֹן הַקְשׁוֹט אַתּוּן אָמְרִין וְאִם לָא חַיֵּי פַרְעֹה אֲרֵי אַלִּילֵי אַתּוּן׃
Send one of you and let him bring your brother. You will remain locked up and your words will be tested whether there is [you speak] any truth with you. If not, by Pharaoh’s life, you are spies.
- Genesis 42:17
וַיֶּאֱסֹף אֹתָם אֶל־מִשְׁמָר שְׁלֹשֶׁת יָמִים׃
And he confined them in the guardhouse for three days.
Targum Onkelos
וּכְנַשׁ יָתְהוֹן לְבֵית מַטְּרָא תְּלָתָא יוֹמִין׃
He [then] put them together in prison for three days.
- Genesis 42:18
וַיֹּאמֶר אֲלֵהֶם יוֹסֵף בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁי זֹאת עֲשׂוּ וִחְיוּ אֶת־הָאֱלֹהִים אֲנִי יָרֵא׃
On the third day Joseph said to them, “Do this and you shall live, for I fear God.
Targum Onkelos
וַאֲמַר לְהוֹן יוֹסֵף בְּיוֹמָא תְּלִיתָאָה דָּא עֲבִידוּ וְאִתְקַיַּימוּ מִן קֳדָם יְיָ אֲנָא דָּחֵיל׃
Yoseif said to them on the third day, Do this and live. [From before God] I fear God.